Xi Xiang
Xi Xiang
Success lies in trying.

Introduction to Databases

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Welcome to the homepage of Introduction to Databases !
Tips: As a cultural form, database represents the world as a list of items and it refuses to order this list. In contrast, a narrative creates a cause-and-effect trajectory of seemingly unordered items (events). Therefore, database and narrative are natural enemies.
——Lev Manovich

Course Introduction

Course number: 22020250 Credit: 3

The teaching content of this course is as follows:

Week Content
1
  • Course Introduction: Overview, Requirements, and Assessment
  • Chapter 1: Database System Overview
    • 1.1 Basic Concepts: Data, Database, DBMS, Database System, DBA
    • 1.2 History and Current Status of Database Systems
    • 1.3 Core Features: Data Integration, Independence, Sharing, Redundancy, Security, Integrity, Consistency, Concurrency Control, and Recovery
    • 1.4 Relational Database Architecture: Three-Schema Architecture and Two-Level Mappings
  • Chapter 2: Data Models
    • 2.1 Basic Concepts: Data Model Definition, Components, and Classification
    • 2.2 Three Categories of Data Models and Their Relationships
    • 2.3 Conceptual World and Conceptual Data Models (Part 1)
      • Conceptual Data Models and Classification
      • Entity-Relationship (ER) Model Overview
      • Entities, Entity Sets, Attributes, and Keys
      • Relationships: Definition, Classification, and Cardinality
2
  • 2.3 Conceptual World and Conceptual Data Models (Part 2)
    • ER Model Design Methodology and ER Diagrams
    • ER Model Design Cases and Graphical Representation
    • Extended ER Model and Its Visualization
    • Object-Oriented and Predicate Data Models
  • 2.4 Logical Model: Basic Concepts of Relational Data Model
  • 2.5 Physical Model: File Organization and Indexing Basics
3
  • Chapter 3: Relational Database Systems
    • 3.1 & 3.2 Advantages and Criteria of Relational Databases
    • 3.3 Relational Model Theory
      • Basic Concepts: Terminology, Relations, Constraints, and Data Manipulation
      • Relational Algebra (Part 1): Five Basic Operations, Extended Operators (Intersection, Join, Division), and Applications
4
  • Relational Algebra (Part 2): Comprehensive Applications and Summary
  • Relational Calculus (Part 1): First-Order Predicate Calculus Basics, Atomic Formulas, and Closed-World Assumption
5
  • Relational Calculus (Part 2): Queries (Single-Table, Multi-Table Joins), Complex Queries (Negation, Implication), and Equivalence with Relational Algebra
  • 3.4 Relational Database Language SQL (Part 1): Introduction, Data Types, Table Creation, Basic Queries, Joins, and Self-Joins
6
  • National Day Holiday (No Class)
7
  • 3.4 Relational Database Language SQL (Part 2): Subqueries, Correlated Queries, Division in SQL (NOT EXISTS), Aggregate Queries (GROUP BY, HAVING), and Comprehensive Applications
  • 3.4 Relational Database Language SQL (Part 3): Data Modification (INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE), Transactions, Views (Creation, Deletion, Updatability), and Query Rewriting
8
  • Chapter 4: Database Security and Integrity
    • 4.1 Database Security: Concepts, Authentication, Access Control, and SQL GRANT/REVOKE
    • 4.2 Database Integrity: Entity, Referential, and User-Defined Constraints; SQL Constraints (PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK, UNIQUE, NOT NULL, DEFAULT); Assertions and Triggers
9
  • Chapter 6: Data Exchange in Databases
    • Embedded SQL: Programming, Cursors (Definition, Opening, Fetching, Closing), Updatable Cursors, and Exception Handling
    • Programmable SQL (PL/SQL, T-SQL), Stored Procedures, and Functions
    • Driver-Based Database Access Interfaces
10
  • Chapter 8: Relational Normalization Design
    • Introduction: Data Redundancy, Anomalies, and Functional Dependencies
    • Armstrong's Axioms (Part 1): Functional Dependency Classification, Axiom Rules, and Applications
11
  • Armstrong's Axioms (Part 2): Logical Implication, Attribute Closure, and Key Calculation
  • Normal Forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF – Definitions, Relationships, and Decomposition Methods
12
  • Multivalued Dependencies and 4NF: Definitions, Rules, and Decomposition
  • Armstrong's Axioms Supplement: Minimal Cover, Schema Decomposition (Lossless Join, Dependency Preservation), and Normalization Case Studies
13
  • Chapter 9: Database Design (Part 1)
    • 9.1 Database Design Overview: Tasks and Lifecycle
    • 9.2 Requirements Analysis: Methods and Documentation
    • 9.3 Conceptual Design: ER Model, View Integration, and Case Studies
14
  • Chapter 9: Database Design (Part 2)
    • 9.4 Logical Design: ER-to-Relational Model Mapping
    • 9.5 Physical Design: Storage Structures, Indexing, and Access Paths
    • 9.6 Comprehensive Database Design Case Study
15
  • Chapter 7: Database Physical Organization
    • Storage Media and File Organization
    • Indexing Techniques: Dense/Sparse Indexes, Multilevel Indexes
    • B+ Tree Indexes: Structure, Operations, and Comparison with B-Trees
16
  • Chapter 5: Transaction Processing (Part 1)
    • Transactions: ACID Properties, States, and Isolation Levels
    • Concurrency Control: Schedules, Data Inconsistencies, Locking (X-Locks, S-Locks), Two-Phase Locking, and Multigranularity Locking
    • Deadlock Detection and Resolution
17
  • Chapter 5: Transaction Processing (Part 2)
    • Database Recovery: Failure Types, Recovery Techniques (Backup, Logging, Mirroring)
    • Transaction Logs: UNDO, REDO, and UNDO/REDO Logs – Recovery Workflows and Tradeoffs
    • Recovery Strategies for Different Failure Scales
18
  • Course Summary and Review

Course Resourse

Textbook of Introduction to Databases

Textbook.

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Courseware of Introduction to Databases

Email me if you need.

All rights reserved by Professer Bai Wenyang.

Tips of Introduction to Databases

The course content is extensive, and the final exam preparation is highly stressful, but the teachers are very friendly.

Table of Contents